Trip to Lake Baikal with Tripmart.com

Trip to Lake Baikal with Tripmart.com

Lake Baikal (Russian: Байка́л bigh-KAHL) is a lake in Eastern Siberia, Russia. It is the biggest and deepest freshwater lake in the world, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The lake is located in Eastern Siberia, between Irkutsk Oblast to the northwest and Buryatia to the southeast. It is the planet's deepest (1637m) and oldest lake, as well as its largest body of freshwater, containing over one fifth of the world's supply. The origins of the name are unknown, but several hypotheses are these : deep water (Yakut), rich lake (Turkic), rich fire (Mongolian), northern sea (Chinese). Russians sometimes call the lake Baikal sea because of its size.

The lake's geological formation started around 20-25 million years ago in the Mesozoic era and even nowadays its rift is continuing to widen 2cm a year.First mention of its name appeared in Chinese writings in 110 year B.C. as "Beihai" (Northern Sea). Since then several cultures have been changing on its shores when in the XVIII century Buryat nationality came into being. The Russian sources first mention Baikal in 1640. The further centuries are the time of exploration and description by Russian Cossacks and the Church till first scientific expedition in 1723. On 13, October, 1905 the Circum-Baikal Railway is opened. In 1916 Barguzinsky Nature Reserve is organized. 1990 is the year when wind-surfers from Russia, Austria and Czechoslovakia first cross the widest place of the lake. In 1991 the deepest spot on the lake's bottom is reached. 1997 and the Baikal is a part of UNESCO Heritage. The vessel "Sevan" begins cruise tours in 2003.

Baikal ice

Baikal mountains surrounding the valley and the lake consist of a few ranges. In the west there are the Baikal Mountains, in the east the Zabaikalskie Mountains. The Angara River is the only outflow of Lake Baikal. The ranges, rivers and valleys are tourist attractions of their own.

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